Introduction .- When we light a lamp, television or any device that works on electricity, we are using one of the most popular sources of energy and important than humanity could "create", and that is without electricity, civilization we know today would not be possible, that is progress and quality of life.
Today's power plants are those that generate energy for our personal use at home, in infrastructure and industries.
The electrical energy, as we know it today, the large alternators produce AC installed in power plants, and these in turn, require another type of energy, mechanics, so you can contribute to the movement of the alternator . So when electricity demand is so great, in certain circumstances, makes the use of machines to supply this deficiency or, on the other hand, when we suffered a power outage.
These machines are known as generators or emergency, and are machines that move a generator through an internal combustion engine.
Utility of a generator .- One of the most common utilities is to generate electricity in areas where no electricity supply, such as remote areas with little infrastructure and very sparsely populated.
Another case would be in public places, such as, hospitals, Fabrice, etc.. That when there are power failures in the network, have another source of energy supplies.
Parts of a generator .- A generator consists of the following parts:
The diesel engine.- is the diesel engine that powers the generator, has been selected for their reliability and that is designed specifically for this purpose. The useful power supply you want is provided by the engine, so if we want a certain power, we have to choose the engine that meets the conditions we want.
Engine Electrical System .- The electrical system is 12 VDC motor, except those engines which are fed to 24 Vdc, always negative mass. The system consists of a starter motor, maintenance free batteries (lead acid), however, it is possible to install other types of batteries if so specified, as well as sensors and alarm devices which have the engine.
Normally, the motor has an oil pressure monocontacto, a thermal temperature and contact load on the engine alternator to detect a potential failure of battery power.
Cooling System .- The engine cooling system can be of various shapes by water, oil or air.
The diesel engine.- is the diesel engine that powers the generator, has been selected for their reliability and that is designed specifically for this purpose. The useful power supply you want is provided by the engine, so if we want a certain power, we have to choose the engine that meets the conditions we want.
Engine Electrical System .- The electrical system is 12 VDC motor, except those engines which are fed to 24 Vdc, always negative mass. The system consists of a starter motor, maintenance free batteries (lead acid), however, it is possible to install other types of batteries if so specified, as well as sensors and alarm devices which have the engine.
Normally, the motor has an oil pressure monocontacto, a thermal temperature and contact load on the engine alternator to detect a potential failure of battery power.
Cooling System .- The engine cooling system can be of various shapes by water, oil or air.
Air cooling system .- This consists of a fan of high capacity cold air passes over the motor to cool.
Water / oil.- cooling system consists of a radiator and a fan to cool its own components.
Alternator .- The outgoing power is produced by a shield generator, splash, self-excited, self-regulated and coupled with brushless motor precision can also be fitted with brushes alternators for those groups whose operation will be limited, and under any circumstances, forced to older regimens.
Fuel tank and bed .- The motor and alternator are directly coupled and mounted on a steel frame of great strength.
The bench includes a fuel tank with a capacity of 8 h of operation at full load.
Vibration isolation .- The generator is equipped with antivibration blocks designed to reduce vibrations transmitted by the motor-alternator. These insulators are placed between the base of engine, alternator, control box and the bench.
Muffler and exhaust system .- The muffler is installed in the generator. The muffler and exhaust system reduces noise emissions produced by the engine.
System control .- You can install different types of panels and control systems to control the operation and output of the group and to protect against possible malfunctions. The control system manual provides detailed information about the system that is installed on the generator.
Output circuit breaker protection .- As the alternator, there is provided a circuit breaker suitable for the model output and output rate generator with manual control.
For generators with automatic control protects the alternator by means of suitable contactors to the model and system output.
Other enhancements installed in a generator .- In addition to the above, there are other devices that help us manage and maintain an automated way, the correct functioning.
For the automatic regulation of engine speed used an electronic control card to the input signal "pick up" and out of the "actuator".
The pickup is a magnetic device that is installed right in the gear located in the engine, and this, in turn, is coupled to the starter motor gear, it detects the engine speed, produces an output voltage due to the movement Gear
Water / oil.- cooling system consists of a radiator and a fan to cool its own components.
Alternator .- The outgoing power is produced by a shield generator, splash, self-excited, self-regulated and coupled with brushless motor precision can also be fitted with brushes alternators for those groups whose operation will be limited, and under any circumstances, forced to older regimens.
Fuel tank and bed .- The motor and alternator are directly coupled and mounted on a steel frame of great strength.
The bench includes a fuel tank with a capacity of 8 h of operation at full load.
Vibration isolation .- The generator is equipped with antivibration blocks designed to reduce vibrations transmitted by the motor-alternator. These insulators are placed between the base of engine, alternator, control box and the bench.
Muffler and exhaust system .- The muffler is installed in the generator. The muffler and exhaust system reduces noise emissions produced by the engine.
System control .- You can install different types of panels and control systems to control the operation and output of the group and to protect against possible malfunctions. The control system manual provides detailed information about the system that is installed on the generator.
Output circuit breaker protection .- As the alternator, there is provided a circuit breaker suitable for the model output and output rate generator with manual control.
For generators with automatic control protects the alternator by means of suitable contactors to the model and system output.
Other enhancements installed in a generator .- In addition to the above, there are other devices that help us manage and maintain an automated way, the correct functioning.
For the automatic regulation of engine speed used an electronic control card to the input signal "pick up" and out of the "actuator".
The pickup is a magnetic device that is installed right in the gear located in the engine, and this, in turn, is coupled to the starter motor gear, it detects the engine speed, produces an output voltage due to the movement Gear
it moves through the magnetic field of the tip of the pick-up, therefore, there must be a proper distance between the tip of the pick-up and the motor gear.
The actuator used to control motor speed under load when the load is very high engine speed increases to provide the required power, and when the load is low, the speed decreases, ie the foundation of the actuator is the automatically control the engine speed range no fast acceleration, engine power generating continuously.
Usually the actuator is coupled to the input device of the fuel oil from the engine.
When the group is in a place far removed from the operator and operates 24 hours a day to install a mechanism to restore the spent fuel.
It contains the following elements:
A transfer pump .- It is a 220 VAC electric motor which is coupled to a pump that is responsible for supplying fuel to the tank.
A buoy indicating minimum and maximum level .- When it detects a very low level of active tank fuel transfer pump.
When cold conditions in the environment are strong there is a heating device called preheating resistance which helps the engine start.
The air-cooled generators typically use an electric heater, which is placed under the motor, so that keeps the oil at a certain temperature. In water-cooled engines preheating resistor is coupled to the cooling circuit, this resistance is powered by 220 VAC and heats the cooling water to heat the engine.
This resistance has an adjustable thermostat in the proper temperature selected for the group to start in a few seconds.
The engine .- The engine represents our source of mechanical energy to turn the alternator and generate electricity. There are two types of engines, diesel or gasoline and diesel. Generally, diesel engines are the most widely used generators for their mechanical performance, environmental and economic.
Engine control .- The engine governor is a mechanical device designed to maintain a constant engine speed with respect to the load requirements. The motor speed is directly related to the frequency of the alternator output, so any change in engine speed affect the frequency of the output power.
The generator (power source) .- If we spin a loop, where the ends are attached to two rings, under a North-South magnetic field generates an alternating emf, the value of this frequency depends on the speed for a given number of poles. Since the use of generators is the current phase, then an explanation of its operation.
The actuator used to control motor speed under load when the load is very high engine speed increases to provide the required power, and when the load is low, the speed decreases, ie the foundation of the actuator is the automatically control the engine speed range no fast acceleration, engine power generating continuously.
Usually the actuator is coupled to the input device of the fuel oil from the engine.
When the group is in a place far removed from the operator and operates 24 hours a day to install a mechanism to restore the spent fuel.
It contains the following elements:
A transfer pump .- It is a 220 VAC electric motor which is coupled to a pump that is responsible for supplying fuel to the tank.
A buoy indicating minimum and maximum level .- When it detects a very low level of active tank fuel transfer pump.
When cold conditions in the environment are strong there is a heating device called preheating resistance which helps the engine start.
The air-cooled generators typically use an electric heater, which is placed under the motor, so that keeps the oil at a certain temperature. In water-cooled engines preheating resistor is coupled to the cooling circuit, this resistance is powered by 220 VAC and heats the cooling water to heat the engine.
This resistance has an adjustable thermostat in the proper temperature selected for the group to start in a few seconds.
The engine .- The engine represents our source of mechanical energy to turn the alternator and generate electricity. There are two types of engines, diesel or gasoline and diesel. Generally, diesel engines are the most widely used generators for their mechanical performance, environmental and economic.
Engine control .- The engine governor is a mechanical device designed to maintain a constant engine speed with respect to the load requirements. The motor speed is directly related to the frequency of the alternator output, so any change in engine speed affect the frequency of the output power.
The generator (power source) .- If we spin a loop, where the ends are attached to two rings, under a North-South magnetic field generates an alternating emf, the value of this frequency depends on the speed for a given number of poles. Since the use of generators is the current phase, then an explanation of its operation.
If three coils are mounted, 120 ° out of phase with each other, and are rotated in a North-South magnetic field creates an alternating emf in each 120 ° out of phase.
The real alternatives available in the armature windings of single or three phase alternating current, be generated by 1 or 3 f.em.s. Each winding, being open has a beginning and an end, three-phase windings in the principles are designated by letters U, V, W and ends with X, Y, Z.
In the U-phase is the beginning and the end is X.
There are two basic types of connection of an alternator, which are:
Star connection.- to connect the star winding are joined XYZ end of the three phases forming a common point that is neutral, freeing the three principles UVW. With this connection is achieved between two phases 380 V and 220 V between phase and neutral.
Delta Connection .- In the delta connection joins the end of each phase with the beginning of the next X-V, and W and Z with U. The potential difference between phase and phase is 220 V.
There are 12 generators output cables to allow for different voltages (230, 400,460,800 V). Generators should always be grounded with an appropriate section through (usually usually half of the section of the main cables feeding) using one of two terminals (internal / external) provided for it. The power supplied by an alternator and is connected between a star or triangle: P = RC (root) 3 * V * I.
And generally higher or lower powers used self excited brushless alternators that eliminate the maintenance associated with brushes and slip rings.
The control system consists of an automatic voltage regulator, circuit protection and the necessary tools to control the output of the generator.
The electrical energy produced by the generator from a closed loop system consists mainly of the rotor coil, the rotating induction field and the automatic controller. The process begins when the engine starts to spin the alternator's internal components. The residual magnetism in the main rotor produces a small voltage in the stator alternating principal. Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR [RAV]) rectifies this voltage and applies it to the stator excitation. The current in the stator creates a magnetic field hesitation, which in turn induces a voltage in alternating current in the exciter rotor.
This AC voltage is converted back to DC, by rotating diodes (rectifier assembly). When the DC voltage appears in the main rotor creates a magnetic field stronger than the original remnant field which induces a higher voltage in the stator principal.
The real alternatives available in the armature windings of single or three phase alternating current, be generated by 1 or 3 f.em.s. Each winding, being open has a beginning and an end, three-phase windings in the principles are designated by letters U, V, W and ends with X, Y, Z.
In the U-phase is the beginning and the end is X.
There are two basic types of connection of an alternator, which are:
Star connection.- to connect the star winding are joined XYZ end of the three phases forming a common point that is neutral, freeing the three principles UVW. With this connection is achieved between two phases 380 V and 220 V between phase and neutral.
Delta Connection .- In the delta connection joins the end of each phase with the beginning of the next X-V, and W and Z with U. The potential difference between phase and phase is 220 V.
There are 12 generators output cables to allow for different voltages (230, 400,460,800 V). Generators should always be grounded with an appropriate section through (usually usually half of the section of the main cables feeding) using one of two terminals (internal / external) provided for it. The power supplied by an alternator and is connected between a star or triangle: P = RC (root) 3 * V * I.
And generally higher or lower powers used self excited brushless alternators that eliminate the maintenance associated with brushes and slip rings.
The control system consists of an automatic voltage regulator, circuit protection and the necessary tools to control the output of the generator.
The electrical energy produced by the generator from a closed loop system consists mainly of the rotor coil, the rotating induction field and the automatic controller. The process begins when the engine starts to spin the alternator's internal components. The residual magnetism in the main rotor produces a small voltage in the stator alternating principal. Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR [RAV]) rectifies this voltage and applies it to the stator excitation. The current in the stator creates a magnetic field hesitation, which in turn induces a voltage in alternating current in the exciter rotor.
This AC voltage is converted back to DC, by rotating diodes (rectifier assembly). When the DC voltage appears in the main rotor creates a magnetic field stronger than the original remnant field which induces a higher voltage in the stator principal.
This higher voltage flowing through the system by inducing even higher DC voltage back to the main rotor.
This cycle is repeated to build up a voltage level close to the appropriate output of the generator. At this point the automatic voltage regulator begins to limit the voltage across the stator excitation, which in turn limits the power output of the alternator.
Transformer controlled generators .- The main stator provides power for driving the exciter field through rectifier transformer.
The transformer combines voltage and current output from the main stator to form the basis of an open loop control, which is by nature self-regulating.
The system itself makes up the magnitudes of intensity and power factor, maintaining the short circuit current and additionally has good characteristics of bursts of electric motors.
Three-phase alternators are usually controlled by a three-phase transformer to improve the performance with unbalanced loads.
Start manual or automatic.
Start-manual. our will is produced, this means that when we want to have electricity generated by the generator we will start it manually.
Usually the boot drive is usually provided with an ignition key or start button on an electronic full-featured surveillance.
When an engine warm, when missing or when the fuel engine oil pressure is too low, the unit will detect automatically stopping the engine.
There are power-operated automatic in either manual or automatic, these electronic control units or boxes detect a failure in the power grid, forcing the generator to start immediately.
Usually in groups predisposed boxes are installed automatic containing basically a shutdown relay and another starter, besides having installed in the plug all the sensors and alarm clock which you have the set.
Installing a separate breaker in the box that will change drives installed network generator.
This cycle is repeated to build up a voltage level close to the appropriate output of the generator. At this point the automatic voltage regulator begins to limit the voltage across the stator excitation, which in turn limits the power output of the alternator.
Transformer controlled generators .- The main stator provides power for driving the exciter field through rectifier transformer.
The transformer combines voltage and current output from the main stator to form the basis of an open loop control, which is by nature self-regulating.
The system itself makes up the magnitudes of intensity and power factor, maintaining the short circuit current and additionally has good characteristics of bursts of electric motors.
Three-phase alternators are usually controlled by a three-phase transformer to improve the performance with unbalanced loads.
Start manual or automatic.
Start-manual. our will is produced, this means that when we want to have electricity generated by the generator we will start it manually.
Usually the boot drive is usually provided with an ignition key or start button on an electronic full-featured surveillance.
When an engine warm, when missing or when the fuel engine oil pressure is too low, the unit will detect automatically stopping the engine.
There are power-operated automatic in either manual or automatic, these electronic control units or boxes detect a failure in the power grid, forcing the generator to start immediately.
Usually in groups predisposed boxes are installed automatic containing basically a shutdown relay and another starter, besides having installed in the plug all the sensors and alarm clock which you have the set.
Installing a separate breaker in the box that will change drives installed network generator.
Engine Maintenance .- Although each engine includes an operating manual for proper maintenance, we highlight the main aspects to a good engine maintenance.
Check the oil level .- The engine must be horizontally level, ensure that the level is between MIN and MAX marks on the dipstick. If the engine is hot will have to wait 3 to 5 minutes after stopping the engine.
Oil and oil filters .- Always follow the oil change interval recommended and replace the oil filter at the same time. Engines do not remove standing in the bottom plug.
Use an oil drain pump to absorb the oil.
Clean the filter fasteners to keep dirt from falling into installing the new filter.
Remove the bottom cap with a new gasket.
Removes or filters. Check that there are no seals in the engine.
Fill the new filter with engine oil and spray the joints. Screw the filter by hand until the gasket touches the contact surfaces. Then turn another half turn. But no more.
Add oil to proper level. Do not exceed the MAX level mark.
Start the engine. Check for leaks around the oil filter. Add more if necessary.
Do run the engine at normal operating temperature.
Air cleaner. Checking / replacement.- The air filter should be replaced when the filter indicator tells you to. The degree of contamination of the intake air filter depends on the conclusion of the dust in the air and filter size chosen. Thus the cleaning intervals can not be generalized, but it must be defined for each individual case.
Auxiliary belts. Checking and adjusting .- The inspection and adjustment should be made after the engine run, when the straps are hot. Loosen the screws before tightening the alternator belt. The straps must give 10 mm between the pulleys. Worn belts that come in pairs should be changed at the same time. The fan belts have automatic tensioners and do not need adjustment. However, the condition of the belts should be checked.
Cooling System.- The cooling system should be filled with coolant that protects the engine from internal corrosion and anti-freeze if the weather demands it. Never use water alone. Anticorrosion additives become less effective over time. Therefore, the refrigerant must be replaced. The cooling system must
Check the oil level .- The engine must be horizontally level, ensure that the level is between MIN and MAX marks on the dipstick. If the engine is hot will have to wait 3 to 5 minutes after stopping the engine.
Oil and oil filters .- Always follow the oil change interval recommended and replace the oil filter at the same time. Engines do not remove standing in the bottom plug.
Use an oil drain pump to absorb the oil.
Clean the filter fasteners to keep dirt from falling into installing the new filter.
Remove the bottom cap with a new gasket.
Removes or filters. Check that there are no seals in the engine.
Fill the new filter with engine oil and spray the joints. Screw the filter by hand until the gasket touches the contact surfaces. Then turn another half turn. But no more.
Add oil to proper level. Do not exceed the MAX level mark.
Start the engine. Check for leaks around the oil filter. Add more if necessary.
Do run the engine at normal operating temperature.
Air cleaner. Checking / replacement.- The air filter should be replaced when the filter indicator tells you to. The degree of contamination of the intake air filter depends on the conclusion of the dust in the air and filter size chosen. Thus the cleaning intervals can not be generalized, but it must be defined for each individual case.
Auxiliary belts. Checking and adjusting .- The inspection and adjustment should be made after the engine run, when the straps are hot. Loosen the screws before tightening the alternator belt. The straps must give 10 mm between the pulleys. Worn belts that come in pairs should be changed at the same time. The fan belts have automatic tensioners and do not need adjustment. However, the condition of the belts should be checked.
Cooling System.- The cooling system should be filled with coolant that protects the engine from internal corrosion and anti-freeze if the weather demands it. Never use water alone. Anticorrosion additives become less effective over time. Therefore, the refrigerant must be replaced. The cooling system must
washed by replacing the coolant, by referring to the engine manual flushing the cooling system.
Fuel filter. Replacement .- Cleaning: Do not be dirt or contaminants entering the fuel injection system. The replacement of the fuel must be carried out with a cold engine to avoid the risk of fire caused by spilling fuel on hot surfaces. Remove the filters. Lubricate the filter gasket with a little oil. Screw the filter by hand until the gasket touches the contact surface. After another half turn tightens, but no more. Bleed the fuel system and get rid of the old filter properly for disposal.
Maintenance of the alternator .- During routine maintenance, periodic attention is recommended to the state of the windings (especially those who have been inactive for a long time) and bearings.
For generators with brushes will have to check the wear of the brushes and cleaning the slip rings.
When generators are fitted with air filters require regular inspection and maintenance thereof.
State of the windings .- You can determine the measuring winding insulation resistance to ground, ie ohmic resistance offered by the machine housing to ground.
This resistance is altered when there is moisture or dirt on the windings, therefore, the generator insulation measurement will indicate the current state of the winding.
The device is used to measure insulation or megger Megohmmeter him. The AVR should be disconnected in case you are self-excited generator is the type. For the exact value measures have the machine must be stopped.
It is difficult to regard the value of the insulation resistance of a generator, but as a rule to follow using the following formula:
R (resistance in megohms) = Nominal voltage in V. / Rated power KW +1000. As long as the machine is hot, that is fully operational.
To measure the insulation resistance is connected to the positive pole MEGOHMMETER one of the motor terminals and negative to the metal mass, we move the crank MEGOHMMETER if any, as there are digital megohmmeters, and observed that the needle moves to a position on the scale until you notice that slips and at that moment is read directly from the insulation resistance in the range of the device.
During the measurement, the generator must be totally separated from the installation, disconnecting it. If the insulation resistance is less than the self-winding resistance, would be essential to dry.
Fuel filter. Replacement .- Cleaning: Do not be dirt or contaminants entering the fuel injection system. The replacement of the fuel must be carried out with a cold engine to avoid the risk of fire caused by spilling fuel on hot surfaces. Remove the filters. Lubricate the filter gasket with a little oil. Screw the filter by hand until the gasket touches the contact surface. After another half turn tightens, but no more. Bleed the fuel system and get rid of the old filter properly for disposal.
Maintenance of the alternator .- During routine maintenance, periodic attention is recommended to the state of the windings (especially those who have been inactive for a long time) and bearings.
For generators with brushes will have to check the wear of the brushes and cleaning the slip rings.
When generators are fitted with air filters require regular inspection and maintenance thereof.
State of the windings .- You can determine the measuring winding insulation resistance to ground, ie ohmic resistance offered by the machine housing to ground.
This resistance is altered when there is moisture or dirt on the windings, therefore, the generator insulation measurement will indicate the current state of the winding.
The device is used to measure insulation or megger Megohmmeter him. The AVR should be disconnected in case you are self-excited generator is the type. For the exact value measures have the machine must be stopped.
It is difficult to regard the value of the insulation resistance of a generator, but as a rule to follow using the following formula:
R (resistance in megohms) = Nominal voltage in V. / Rated power KW +1000. As long as the machine is hot, that is fully operational.
To measure the insulation resistance is connected to the positive pole MEGOHMMETER one of the motor terminals and negative to the metal mass, we move the crank MEGOHMMETER if any, as there are digital megohmmeters, and observed that the needle moves to a position on the scale until you notice that slips and at that moment is read directly from the insulation resistance in the range of the device.
During the measurement, the generator must be totally separated from the installation, disconnecting it. If the insulation resistance is less than the self-winding resistance, would be essential to dry.
You can carry out the drying directing hot air from a fan heater or similar device through the inlet screens and / or exhaust of the generator, although another fast and efficient method would be through a drying oven for heating resistors .
Alternatively, you can short the main stator windings, resulting in a total three-phase short circuit at the main terminals with the generator running.
This method gets dry the windings in a short time, but you must consult the method and manner of doing the type of alternator in the manual.
Bearings .- All bearings are permanently greased for maintenance free operation.
During an overhaul, it is recommended to check them for wear or leakage and replace if necessary. It is also recommended to periodically check the bearings overheat or produce excessive noise during operation useful. If excessive vibration check after a certain time.
This would be due to bearing wear, in which case should be examined for damage or loss of fat and replace if necessary.
In any case, the bearings should be replaced after 40000h in service.
The bearings in pulley driven generators is subject to forces more directly driven generator bearings. Therefore, the bearings should be replaced after 25000h in service.
Slip rings and brushes .- Very often sparking at the brushes is due to dirt on the slip rings, or some other mechanical cause for this, one must examine the position of the brushes so they have to touch the slip rings across its surface, likewise, should be replaced when it has spent a quarter of its length.
We have also thoroughly clean the slip rings in a cyclic way, removing any dust or dirt to cover them, especially when changing blades.
Battery maintenance consists of the following parts.-
Filling .- It will need to add electrolyte, pre-mixed, which is supplied with the generator.
Remove the caps and fill each cell with the electrolyte to the level of the same east to 8 mm above the edge of the separators.
Leave the battery for 15 min.
Alternatively, you can short the main stator windings, resulting in a total three-phase short circuit at the main terminals with the generator running.
This method gets dry the windings in a short time, but you must consult the method and manner of doing the type of alternator in the manual.
Bearings .- All bearings are permanently greased for maintenance free operation.
During an overhaul, it is recommended to check them for wear or leakage and replace if necessary. It is also recommended to periodically check the bearings overheat or produce excessive noise during operation useful. If excessive vibration check after a certain time.
This would be due to bearing wear, in which case should be examined for damage or loss of fat and replace if necessary.
In any case, the bearings should be replaced after 40000h in service.
The bearings in pulley driven generators is subject to forces more directly driven generator bearings. Therefore, the bearings should be replaced after 25000h in service.
Slip rings and brushes .- Very often sparking at the brushes is due to dirt on the slip rings, or some other mechanical cause for this, one must examine the position of the brushes so they have to touch the slip rings across its surface, likewise, should be replaced when it has spent a quarter of its length.
We have also thoroughly clean the slip rings in a cyclic way, removing any dust or dirt to cover them, especially when changing blades.
Battery maintenance consists of the following parts.-
Filling .- It will need to add electrolyte, pre-mixed, which is supplied with the generator.
Remove the caps and fill each cell with the electrolyte to the level of the same east to 8 mm above the edge of the separators.
Leave the battery for 15 min.
Check and adjust the level if necessary.
After 30 min. after introducing the liquid electrolyte in the battery that is ready for operation.
Filling .- The normal and the battery charge has the effect of evaporation of water. Therefore, the battery will be filled from time to time.
First clean the battery .- to prevent dirt and then remove the plugs.
Add distilled water until the level is at 8 mm above the separators.
Replace tabs.
The Cheking .- To check the battery charge of a densimeter which checks the density of the electrolyte, it should measure from 1.24 to 1.28 when fully loaded, of 1.17 to 1.22 when this moderately charged and from 1.12 to 1.14 when it discharged.
After 30 min. after introducing the liquid electrolyte in the battery that is ready for operation.
Filling .- The normal and the battery charge has the effect of evaporation of water. Therefore, the battery will be filled from time to time.
First clean the battery .- to prevent dirt and then remove the plugs.
Add distilled water until the level is at 8 mm above the separators.
Replace tabs.
The Cheking .- To check the battery charge of a densimeter which checks the density of the electrolyte, it should measure from 1.24 to 1.28 when fully loaded, of 1.17 to 1.22 when this moderately charged and from 1.12 to 1.14 when it discharged.
